후루비라 마을 관공서[Furubira Town Hall] - TAISEI DESIGN Planners Architects & Engineers

새로운 시청 및 교환 시설 복합체가 일본 북쪽의 홋카이도에 속한 후루비라 마을에 건설되었습니다. 오래된 시청은 약 100년 동안 사용되어왔으며 지진 및 기타 재해에 취약성 때문에 재건해야 했습니다.

후루비라는 홋카이도에서 "제로 탄소 도시"로 선포한 최초의 마을로, 2050년까지 이산화탄소 배출량 제로를 달성하고자 하는 지방자치체입니다. 이 지역은 추운 날씨로 약 절반 이상의 시간 동안 눈으로 덮여 있습니다. 이 힘든 환경에서 우리의 목표는 중요한 에너지 절약과 친환경 건축을 실현하여 다음 100년 동안 계속되는 지속 가능한 마을을 창조하는 것이었습니다.

수평 힘을 지탱하는 구조체로 이루어진 숲 같은 외관은 네 면 모두 외부 절연 벽 기둥을 갖추고 있습니다. 이 구조체 시스템은 개구부의 크기와 벽 기둥 간의 간격을 실내 사용에 맞게 조절할 수 있도록 합니다. 건물 주변의 콘크리트 구조는 복사 발열 및 냉각 기능이 장착되어 있습니다. 창가에 머물기를 원하는 사람들에게 따뜻한 공간을 만들어주는 열 저장 장치로 사용됩니다. 유리 개구부에는 태양광 발전 패널의 줄무늬가 설치되어 외부를 볼 수 있으면서 에너지를 생성할 수 있도록 하였으며, 외관 벽의 갭을 통해 외부 공기를 흡입할 수 있는 환기 개구가 설치되었습니다. 이렇게하여 후루비라의 기후를 활용한 절약적이고 편안한 생활 환경이 조성되었습니다.

건물은 외벽 면적을 최소화한 36m²의 바닥 계획을 갖추고 있습니다. 건물 전체에 홋카이도 목재가 사용되어 지역 목재 순환에 기여하고 지역 주민들이 이용할 수 있는 따뜻한 공간을 만들어냈습니다.

새롭게 개발된 복합 보 빔은 적층 목재와 콘크리트를 결합시킨 것입니다. 보 빔에 사용된 목재는 홋카이도 라치 목재로, 보의 강도를 1.5배 증가시킵니다. 이 목재는 공장에서 보 주형으로 사용되기 위해 보와 통합되어 그대로 현장에 설치되었습니다. 결과적으로 목재를 사용하여 폼워크 낭비량을 크게 줄이고 동시에 이산화탄소를 저장했습니다. 보가 겨울에 설치되었기 때문에 사전 제작 방법은 눈 속에서 작업 가능성을 크게 향상시켰습니다.

건물은 워크샵 및 구조를 활용한 업사이클링을 통해 현재의 기억을 포착하도록 설계되었습니다. 이는 예를 들어 숲 같은 구조의 맨홀을 사용하여 지역 아이들의 그림을 부착하거나 일본식 방의 기둥의 폼워크를 폐기 대신 경사진 천장에 재사용하는 방식으로 이루어졌습니다.

이 프로젝트는 현지 환경에 적합하게 설계되었으며 추운 지역에서 최초로 ZEB(순수 에너지 건물)로 인증받은 시청 건물입니다. 현재 단계에서 79%의 에너지 절약을 달성했습니다. 이 건물이 100년 동안 사용되어 이산화탄소 배출을 크게 줄일 것을 기대하며 후루비라를 친환경 마을로 확립할 것입니다.

 

 A new municipal building and exchange facility complex was built in the town of Furubira in Hokkaido, in northern Japan. The old municipal building had been used for around 100 years and had to be rebuilt due to its vulnerability to earthquakes and other disasters.

Furubira is the first town in Hokkaido to declare itself a "Zero Carbon City" (a municipality that aims to achieve virtually zero net carbon dioxide emissions by 2050), a pioneering effort to protect the global environment. This region is cold and is covered with snow for nearly half the year. In this harsh environment, our aim was the achievement of significant energy savings and environmentally friendly architecture to create a sustainable town that will carry on for the next 100 years.

The grove-like exterior consists of a structure that bears horizontal forces and that has externally insulated wall columns on all four sides. This structural system allows the size of openings and the spacing of wall columns to be adjusted in order to suit interior use. The concrete structure around the perimeter of the building is equipped with radiant heating and cooling features. It is used as a heat storage device, creating a warm place for people to stay by the window, which gets cold in the winter. Stripes of photovoltaic power generation panels were installed on the glass openings to allow both the outside to be viewed and energy to be generated, while ventilation openings were installed to let in the outside air through all the gaps in the grove-like exterior walls. In this way, an energy-saving and comfortable living environment was created that takes advantage of Furubira's climate.

The building has a 36 m2 floor plan that minimizes the exterior wall area. Hokkaido timber was used throughout the building to contribute to the local timber cycle and create a warm space accessible to local residents. 

The newly developed composite beams combine laminated wood and concrete. The wood used for the beams is made of Hokkaido larch, which increases the strength of the beams by 1.5 times. This wood was integrated with the beams at the factory to use as the formwork for concrete casting and installed as-is at the site. As a result, it significantly reduced the amount of formwork waste while storing CO2 by using wood. Since the beams were installed during the winter, the precast method significantly improved workability in the snow.

The building was designed to capture the memory of the present through workshops and upcycling that utilize the structure as is. This was done in ways such as by using tie holes in the grove-like structure to attach local children's drawings and reusing the formwork from the columns in the Japanese-style room for the sloping ceiling instead of discarding it. 

The project was designed to suit the local environment and is the first ZEB-certified municipal building in a cold region. At its current stage, it has achieved energy savings of 79%. Hopefully, this building will be used for 100 years and will significantly reduce CO2 emissions, thereby establishing Furubira as an environmentally friendly town.

 

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Furubira Town Hall

FURUBIRA, JAPAN

Architects :  TAISEI DESIGN Planners Architects & Engineers
Area : 3887㎡
Year : 2023
Photographs :   Kotaro Imada

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from archdaily